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Öğe Assessing the human development aspects of CO, PM2.5, PM10, NOX, and SO2 in the United States(Cell Press, 2023) Alola, Andrew Adewale; Udemba, Edmund Ntom; Iwuagwu, Chikaodinaka; Abdallah, IbrahimExploring the effect of environmental pollution on human development does not only afford the opportunity to show how human health is impacted, it further exposes the role of environmental pollution in humans' knowledge development and living standard. To shed lighter on this perspective, we consider environmental aspects of human development by employing the national air quality standards of United States Environmental Protection Agency which outlines the main environmental pollutants (carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, particulate matters less than 2.5 & mu;m (PM2.5), particulate matters less than 10 & mu;m (PM10)). By using series of empirical techniques for the United States' dataset that covers the period 1990-2019, the investigation revealed that economic performance improves human development (with elasticity relationship) while the square of economic performance causes a declining effect (inelasticity not more than 0.7). Thus, the relationship suggests a vicious and virtuous cycle scenarios that is characterized by economic performance threshold. Moreover, except for PM10, the examined environmental pollutants hamper human development aspects. To provide a robust perspective, a frequency domain Granger causality approach further revealed causative only from economic performance, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, PM2.5, and PM10 to human development largely in the long-run at varying frequencies. Meanwhile, human development Granger causes nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide in the short-run and long-run respectively at different frequency magnitudes. By implication, the result of the study further highlights the criticality of sustainable development and the complexity associated with economic expansion amidst environmental factors.Öğe Environmental implication of international migration on high- and middle-income countries: A comparative analysis(Sage Publications Ltd, 2023) Celik, Onur; Cetiner, Sibel; Abdallah, Ibrahim; Udemba, Edmund NtomIn this paper, we researched the implication of international migration and pollution on environmental development of the selected countries which we classified as middle- and upper-income countries. Maintaining good environmental performance while keeping pollution at minimum level amidst international migration has being the global focus towards climate goal. On this premises, this study examines the relationship between international migration and carbon dioxide emission (CO2). Scientific approaches (random-effects model and Driscoll-Kraay standard error estimator) with panel data for the period from 2010 to 2019 are adopted for indepth analysis of the selected countries. The findings according to random-effects model/Driscoll-Kraay standard error estimator suggest the incresae of CO2 due to increase in international migration for the case of middle-income countries. Also, a decrease in CO2 due to increase in international migration is found for high-income countries. Following our main findings, as a function of CO2 emission, we recommend to take identity of people who migrate into consideration for both economics and environment policy. On the other hand, policies should be based on mitigating the negative impact of international migration and economic growth for the middle-income countries. Moreover, environmentally friendly growth technologies are suggested.Öğe Examining the environmental aspect of economic complexity outlook and environmental-related technologies in the Nordic states(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2023) Alola, Andrew Adewale; Celik, Ali; Awan, Usama; Abdallah, Ibrahim; Obekpa, Hephzibah OnyejeUnderstanding the outlook of countries' economic complexity is vital for assessing the future of industries' product characterization. It provides opportunity and insight on how to mitigate the negative externalities that arises from the increasing pressure on the ecosystem. Based on this account, the effect of economic complexity and the corresponding outlook on environmental degradation vis-a-vis greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions alongside other environmental indicators are examined for the panel of Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden for the period 1995 to 2020. After employing Driscoll- Kraay's standard errors for random effect (RE) with individual effects for the examination, the results indicate that the region's level of economic complexity favors environmental sustainability. Contrarily, the economic complexity outlook spurs GHG emissions, thus suggesting that future performance of the region's economic complexity could be detrimental to its ecosystem. Another similar, and undesirable observation is that the increase in urban population hampers environmental quality as it causes a surge in GHG emissions. Meanwhile, the results then conclude that economic growth, economic complexity, and environmental-related technologies are found to be potent drivers of environmental sustainability as the indicators exert negative pressure on GHG emissions in the Nordic region. Important policies that potentially guide immediate, and future sector-wide activities toward enhancing the region's sustainable development programs are posited through the study outcome.Öğe Sustainable development policies of renewable energy and technological innovation toward climate and sustainable development goals(WILEY, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ, 2023) Xing, Licong; Udemba, Edmund Ntom; Tosun, Merve; Abdallah, Ibrahim; Boukhris, ImedThis study seeks to investigate the possibility of achieving Chinese climate and sus-tainable development goals (SDGs) with technological innovations and renewableenergy policies. Currently, China is ranked first in global emissions. Hence, we utilizedChinese data of 1996Q1 2018Q4 to investigate the policy implication of technologi-cal innovation and renewal energy towards its climate goals. Economic development,technology, energy and environmental policies are incorporated in our study for clearinsight on the impact of technology and renewable energy on China's climate goals.We adopt different scientific approaches (structural break, bound method of co-inte-gration, autoregressive dynamic lag-ARDL dynamics and granger causality test) forboth quantitative and theoretical analyses. Our discussions and policy inference arebased on the findings from ARDL and granger causality analyses. Findings from ARDLtests debunk the inverted U-shape EKC hypothesis for China. Technological innova-tions and renewable energies are found impacting favorably on Chinese environmentby reducing carbon emissions. Output derived from Causality supports the resultsfrom ARDL with nexus established amongst the selected instruments. From the find-ings, we conclude by advocating for policy to be framed on renewable energy sectorthrough investment and technological boosting towards a SDG for China.