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Öğe Beyond the environmental Kuznets curve: Do combined impacts of air transport and rail transport matter for environmental sustainability amidst energy use in E7 economies?(SPRINGER, VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS, 2022) Gyamfi, Bright Akwasi; Bekun, Festus Victor; Balsalobre-Lorente, Daniel; Onifade, Stephen Taiwo; Ampomah, Asiedu BenjaminThis study is motivated by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDG-7,8,11,12 and 13) on the need for clean and responsible energy consumption in view of anticipated actions for environmental sustainability. The world has been plagued with various consequences of environmental degradation including the attendant risks of climate change which has been exacerbated by rising greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions over the years. To this end, we explore the combined efect of rail, air transportation, and urbanization in an EKC framework for the case of the E7 economies between 1995 and 2016. This study distinguishes itself from the extant ones by extending the EKC framework to explore the nexus between air transport, rail transport, urbanization, and the environment. The empirical evidence obtained from the study is based on second-generation panel econometric methods that are robust to heterogeneity and cross-sectional issues. Firstly, the fndings lend support to the EKC phenomenon for E7 economies, thereby, implying that emphasis is placed on higher-income status in the bloc relative to environmental sustainability. Secondly, conventional energy from fossil fuel and air transport signifcantly dampen environmental quality among the E7 economies. Thirdly, rail transport and urban population, on the contrary, strongly aid the improvement of environmental quality among the E7 countries thus underscoring the signifcance of green urban mass (rail) transportation to the environmental sustainability agenda. Hence, in view of the economic growth trajectory among the E7 economies, useful policy blueprints were highlighted in the concluding section of the studyÖğe The environmental aspects of conventional and clean energy policy in sub-Saharan Africa: is N-shaped hypothesis valid?(SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY, 2021) Bekun, Festus Victor; Alola, Andrew Adewale; Gyamfi, Bright Akwasi; Ampomah, Asiedu BenjaminIn the energy-environment literature, a handful of the advanced economies, mostly the European Union countries, have met some of the national environmental sustainability targets. Consequently, most of these countries are renewing their policies for 2040, while the African bloc largely seems to have a longer path to emerge from the woods. Giving this insight, we are compelled to draw inferences from the role of major energy sources (conventional and renewable) in the sub-Saharan Africa’s drive for environmental sustainability target. To achieve this objective, we examine the validity of an N-shaped hypothesis for subSaharan region which has received less documentation in the extant literature. Thus, this study employed the pooled mean group autoregressive distributed lag (PMG-ARDL) and Dumitrescu and Hurlin panel causality approaches as estimation techniques. Our empirical results show that conventional and renewable energy aspects respectively worsen and improve environmental quality in both short and long run. Importantly, the study establishes the validity of the N-shaped hypothesis in the two periods (short and long run) as reported by the study regression with 17.830% for GDP growth, ?2.241 % for quadratic form of GDP, and 0.094% for cubic form of GDP growth, respectively, in the long run. Moreso, renewable energy shows a magnitude of ?1.306% and ?0.157% for short- and long-run period, respectively, on carbon dioxide emission. The implication is that environmental quality in the sub-Saharan region is potentially characterized in cycles of worse (decreased quality), improvement (better quality), and again worse (deceased quality) resulting from the significant change in the region’s economic prosperity. In addition to the ARDL approach, the causality analysis further reiterates that there is significant causality from the energy forms and economic expansion to carbon emission at least in one direction. While examining the validity of N-shaped hypothesis for the first time for Africa, the study offers policy perspective to the governments and environmental stakeholders in the panel countries, especially to re-engineer the region’s economic dynamics if the region must meet the anticipated Sustainable Development Goals 2030.