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Öğe Industrial output, services and carbon emissions: the role of information and communication technologies and economic freedom in Africa(Springer, 2023) Nwani, Chinazaekpere; Bekun, Festus Victor; Agboola, Phillips O.; Omoke, Philip C.; Effiong, Ekpeno L.This study examines the impact of industrial structure on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions with emphasis on the activities of secondary and tertiary industries and the role of information and communication technologies and economic freedom. We focus on explaining consumption-based and territorial-based CO2 emissions in a selection of African economies over the period 1995-2017, accounting for possible heterogeneity in the distribution of both measures of CO2 emissions using the Method of Moments Quantile Regression approach for handling fixed effects in panel quantile models. The results show that (i) industrial output increase territorial-based CO2 emissions and have stronger impact in countries with more extractive industries; (ii) services reduce consumption-based CO2 emissions and the impact is significant across the entire quantile distribution; (iii) the use of fixed (wired) and analogue telephone technologies increases consumption-based and territorial-based CO2 emissions and the impact is stronger at the upper quantile distribution; (iv) the use of mobile telephone and internet technologies reduces consumption-based and territorial-based CO2 emissions and the impact is stronger at the upper quantile distribution; (v) increased economic freedom decreases territorial-based CO2 emissions and the impact is stronger at the upper quantile distribution. Overall, our findings highlight the role of mobile telephone and internet penetration, restructuring towards service-based economy and economic freedom in promoting cleaner production and sustainable consumption patterns in African economies.Öğe Toward sustainable use of natural resources: Nexus between resource rents, affluence, energy intensity and carbon emissions in developing and transition economies(WILEY, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ, 2023) Nwani, Chinazaekpere; Bekun, Festus Victor; Gyamfi, Bright A.; Effiong, Ekpeno L.; Alola, Andrew A.Sustainable use of natural resources would entail ensuring that derived economic benefits today do not undermine the welfare of generations to come. On this basis, this study examines the nexus between natural resource rents and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions disaggregated into production and consumption-based (i.e., trade-adjusted) CO2 emissions for a selected panel of 45 developing and transition economies over the period 1995-2017. The empirical model also incorporates the impacts of population, affluence, and energy intensity. The results show that affluence increases production-based CO2 emissions by 1.407%, with the EKC's predicted inverted U-shaped curve only explaining consumption-based CO2 emissions. Economic reliance on natural resource rents and energy intensification contribute 0.022% and 0.766%, respectively, to CO2 emissions embedded in territorial production inventories and 0.035% and 0.583%, respectively, to CO2 emissions embedded in consumption inventories. The bootstrap non-causality test shows that historical data on each variable has significant predictive power for future CO2 emissions from both sources. The historical information about natural resource rents has significant predictive power over the future levels of affluence and energy intensity. Clearly, the results show that the environmental impact of natural resource rents is stronger when CO2 emissions are adjusted for trade and varies among the countries, with Bangladesh, Guinea, India, Malaysia, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Vietnam, and Zimbabwe among the most affected countries. Overall, this study provides motivation for policies to keep the use of natural resources within sustainable limits.