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Öğe Cantilever Soldier Pile Design: The Multiobjective Optimization of Cost and CO2 Emission via Pareto Front Analysis(MDPI, ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND, 2022) Bekdaş, Gebrail; Akbay Arama, Zülal; Türkakın, Osman Hürol; Kayabekir, Aylin Ece; Geem, Zong WooIn the context of this study, it is focused on the design of cantilever soldier piles under the concept of Pareto optimality with multiobjective analyses of cost and CO2 emission considering the change in the excavation depth, the shear strength parameters of the foundation soil strata, and the unit costs and unit emission amounts of structural materials. Considering this aim, the harmony search algorithm was used as a tool to achieve the integrated effects of the solution variants. The lateral response of the soil mass was determined based on the active Rankine earth pressure theory and the design process was shaped according to the beams on the elastic foundation soil assumption. Moreover, the specification envisaged by the American Concrete Institute (ACI 318-11) was used to control the structural requirements of the design. Pareto front graphs and also design charts were created to achieve the eco- and cost optimization, simultaneously, for the design with arbitrarily selected cases to compare the results of the multiobjective analysis to minimize both the cost and the CO2 emission.Öğe Estimating Construction Material Indices with ARIMA and Optimized NARNETs(TECH SCIENCE PRESS, 871 CORONADO CENTER DR, SUTE 200, HENDERSON, NV 89052, 2023) Işıkdağ, Ümit; Hepsağ, Aycan; İmre Bıyıklı, Süreyya; Öz, Derya; Bekdaş, Gebrail; Geem, Zong WooConstruction Industry operates relying on various key economic indicators. One of these indicators is material prices. On the other hand, cost is a key concern in all operations of the construction industry. In the uncertain conditions, reliable cost forecasts become an important source of information. Material cost is one of the key components of the overall cost of construction. In addition, cost overrun is a common problem in the construction industry, where nine out of ten construction projects face cost overrun. In order to carry out a successful cost management strategy and prevent cost overruns, it is very important to find reliable methods for the estimation of construction material prices. Material prices have a time dependent nature. In order to increase the foreseeability of the costs of construction materials, this study focuses on estimation of construction material indices through time series analysis. Two different types of analysis are implemented for estimation of the future values of construction material indices. The first method implemented was Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), which is known to be successful in estimation of time series having a linear nature. The second method implemented was Non-Linear Autoregressive Neural Network (NARNET) which is known to be successful in modeling and estimating of series with non-linear components. The results have shown that depending on the nature of the series, both these methods can successfully and accurately estimate the future values of the indices. In addition, we found out that Optimal NARNET architectures which provide better accuracy in estimation of the series can be identified/discovered as result of grid search on NARNET hyperparameters.Öğe Strategic Market Growth and Policy Recommendations for Sustainable Solar Energy Deployment in South Korea(SPRINGER SINGAPORE PTE LTD, #04-01 CENCON I, 1 TANNERY RD, SINGAPORE 347719, SINGAPORE, 2020) Alsharif, Mohammed H.; Yahya, Khalid O. Moh.; Geem, Zong WooIt is widely acknowledged that the solar energy markets have experienced increasing interest in the last decade in South Korea, due to a significant economic and ecological impact of solar energy in the coming years. Despite their great technical potential, the development and deployment of large-scale solar energy technologies in South Korea still need to overcome some technical, financial, regulatory, and institutional barriers in order to achieve a vision of the green and eco-sustainable energy. This article provides an updated comprehensive overview of the technical and economic strategies, as well as policies for the development and deployment of solar energy in South Korea. The article reviews and discusses: (1) solar energy resources and technologies, (2) economics and market status of solar energy, (3) policy support for solar energy development, and (4) obstacles to the development and implementation of solar energy technology. Policymakers are given recommendations in which the cost and impact of social, environmental, and geographical factors are considered. This review contributes towards the future of green and eco-sustainable solar energy in South Korea.